History
Yogi Bhajan arrived in the United States in 1969 and established the 3HO (Happy, Healthy, Holy Organization) movement, teaching Kundalini Yoga and Sikh Dharma. He established the Hacienda de Guru Ram Das Ashram in Española, New Mexico, which became the international center of Western Sikhism. Thousands of Western converts adopted Sikh identity, taking Sikh names and wearing white turbans. This community, distinct from Punjabi Sikhs, established the Summer Solstice Sadhana gathering at Ram Das Puri outside Española — one of the largest gatherings of non-Punjabi Sikhs in the world. Punjabi Sikhs established a separate Gurdwara in Albuquerque from the 1990s onward.



